Section Review — A / B / C

Section Review — A / B / C

Review overview and remaining corrections

A — retain · B — condense · C — remove. Grade A means the material is worth preserving for the study structure, not that its mathematics has been certified. Core claims containing errors retain both the original text and revision guidance. Empty study sections are not filled in for the author.

2026-07-23-folland-measurable-structures

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
IntroductionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
The Problem of Choosing Measurable SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1. Set SystemsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.1 RingsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.2 AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.3 Sigma-RingsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.4 Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.5 Relations Between the Set SystemsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.6 What Each Structure Is Designed to HandleARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2. Generated Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.1 The Smallest Sigma-Algebra Containing a FamilyARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.2 Monotonicity of GenerationARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.3 Working with GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.4 Preimages of Generated Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3. Borel Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.1 Borel Sets on a Topological SpaceARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.2 Standard Generators of $\mathcal B(\mathbb R)$ARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.3 Countable Borel GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.4 How Topology Enters Measure TheoryARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4. Measurable Spaces and MapsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.1 Measurable SpacesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.2 Measurable MapsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.3 Checking Measurability on GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5. What I Finally UnderstoodARetain topic-specific reconstruction questions because they support review.
5.1 Why We Do Not Measure Every SubsetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.2 Why Generated Sigma-Algebras Are UsefulARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.3 From Topological Sets to Measurable SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Introduction / RoadmapCAn empty generic roadmap heading that duplicates the existing section order.
SummaryCEmpty and redundant with the topic-specific reconstruction section.

2026-07-24-folland-measures-and-set-convergence

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
IntroductionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
From Measurable Sets to MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1. Measures and Measure SpacesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.1 Definition of a MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.2 Measure SpacesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.3 Probability MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.4 Basic ExamplesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2. Consequences of Countable AdditivityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.1 Finite AdditivityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.2 MonotonicityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.3 The Subtraction FormulaARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.4 Countable SubadditivityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3. Disjointification of General Set SequencesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.1 Why Countable Additivity Is Stated for Disjoint SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.2 Converting a General Union into a Disjoint UnionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.3 Applications of DisjointificationARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4. Convergence of SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.1 Increasing Sequences of SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.2 Continuity from BelowARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.3 Decreasing Sequences of SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.4 Continuity from AboveARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.5 Why Finiteness Is Required from AboveARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5. Classes of MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.1 Finite MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.2 Sigma-Finite MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.3 Semifinite MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.4 Relations Between the Finiteness ConditionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6. Null Sets and Almost-Everywhere StatementsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.1 Null SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.2 Almost-Everywhere PropertiesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.3 Why Null Sets Matter in AnalysisARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7. Complete Measures and CompletionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.1 Complete Measure SpacesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.2 Constructing the CompletionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.3 Extension of the MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.4 Why Completeness MattersARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8. What I Finally UnderstoodARetain topic-specific reconstruction questions because they support review.
8.1 Countable Additivity and Disjoint DecompositionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.2 Set Convergence as Continuity of MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.3 Why Measure-Zero Sets Cannot Be Ignored CompletelyARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Introduction / RoadmapCAn empty generic roadmap heading that duplicates the existing section order.
SummaryCEmpty and redundant with the topic-specific reconstruction section.

2026-07-25-folland-caratheodory-extension

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
IntroductionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
The Measure Extension ProblemARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
The Central ConstructionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1. The Extension ProblemARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.1 What Is Initially Given?ARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.2 What Must Be Constructed?ARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.3 Why Direct Extension Is DifficultARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.4 The Roles of the Different Set DomainsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2. Premeasures on Simple SetsAPreserve the existing definition fragment and domain/codomain; mark the omission in 2.2 with [Correction required].
2.1 Why Start with an Algebra?ARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.2 Definition of a PremeasureAPreserve the existing definition fragment and domain/codomain; mark the omission in 2.2 with [Correction required].
2.3 Finite and Countable AdditivityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.4 Why the Union Must Remain in the AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3. Outer MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.1 Definition of an Outer MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.2 Construction by Countable CoveringsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.3 Why the Infimum AppearsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.4 Proving That the Covering Construction Is an Outer MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.5 Why an Outer Measure Is Not Yet a MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4. Carathéodory MeasurabilityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.1 The Splitting CriterionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.2 Why One Inequality Is AutomaticARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.3 Recovering Additivity Through Exact SplittingARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.4 Why the Criterion Is Not Ad HocARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5. The Carathéodory Measurable SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.1 Closure Under ComplementsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.2 Closure Under Finite UnionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.3 Closure Under Countable UnionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.4 The Carathéodory Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.5 Completeness of the Restricted MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6. Recovering the Original PremeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.1 Agreement on the Original AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.2 Measurability of Sets in the AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.3 Inclusion of the Generated Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7. The Carathéodory Extension TheoremARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.1 Existence of an ExtensionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.2 Comparison with Other ExtensionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.3 Uniqueness Under Sigma-FinitenessARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.4 Where Sigma-Finiteness Is UsedARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8. Comparing the Relevant DomainsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.1 The Original AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.2 The Generated Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.3 The Carathéodory Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.4 The Full Power SetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.5 Completeness on the Different DomainsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
9. What I Finally UnderstoodARetain topic-specific reconstruction questions because they support review.
9.1 Why We Begin with Simple SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
9.2 Why We Pass Through an Outer MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
9.3 How Measurability Recovers AdditivityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
9.4 What the Extension Theorem Actually AccomplishesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Introduction / RoadmapCAn empty generic roadmap heading that duplicates the existing section order.
SummaryCEmpty and redundant with the topic-specific reconstruction section.
2.2 / Def Premeasure labelCDuplicates the immediately preceding Definition of a Premeasure heading.

2026-07-26-folland-constructing-lebesgue-measure

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
IntroductionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
From Interval Lengths to Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1. Elementary Families of IntervalsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.1 Definition of an Elementary FamilyARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.2 Half-Open IntervalsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.3 Why Half-Open Intervals Are ConvenientARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.4 Finite Disjoint UnionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.5 Constructing the Interval AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2. Increasing Right-Continuous FunctionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.1 Increasing FunctionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.2 Right-ContinuityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.3 Interval IncrementsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.4 Unbounded IntervalsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.5 Why Right-Continuity Is RequiredARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3. The Lebesgue–Stieltjes PremeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.1 Definition on IntervalsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.2 Definition on Finite Disjoint UnionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.3 Well-DefinednessARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.4 Countable AdditivityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.5 The Induced PremeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4. The Lebesgue–Stieltjes MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.1 Extension to the Borel Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.2 ExistenceARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.3 UniquenessARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.4 Jumps and Point MassesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.5 Continuous and Discrete ExamplesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5. Construction of Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.1 The Choice $F(x)=x$ARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.2 Length on Half-Open IntervalsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.3 Borel Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.4 Lebesgue Outer MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.5 The Lebesgue Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6. Borel Measure and Lebesgue CompletionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.1 Borel Measurable SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.2 Completion of Borel Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.3 Borel and Lebesgue MeasurabilityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.4 Why the Borel Measure Is Not CompleteARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7. Structural Properties of Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.1 Translation InvarianceARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.2 ScalingARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.3 Outer RegularityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.4 Inner RegularityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.5 Why Inner Regularity Uses Compact SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8. What I Finally UnderstoodARetain topic-specific reconstruction questions because they support review.
8.1 From Intervals to a Complete MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.2 Why Topology Reappears Through RegularityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.3 The Difference Between Borel and Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.4 How the Abstract Extension Theorem Becomes ConcreteARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Introduction / RoadmapCAn empty generic roadmap heading that duplicates the existing section order.
SummaryCEmpty and redundant with the topic-specific reconstruction section.

2026-07-27-folland-product-measurable-spaces

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
IntroductionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Why Product Measurable Spaces Are NeededARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1. Coordinate ProjectionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.1 Product SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.2 Coordinate ProjectionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.3 Preimages Under Coordinate ProjectionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2. Product Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.1 Definition of the Product Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.2 The Universal PropertyARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.3 Why Coordinate Measurability Is FundamentalARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3. Cylinder SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.1 One-Coordinate CylindersARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.2 Finite-Coordinate CylindersARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.3 Cylinder GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.4 Finite Versus Infinite ProductsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4. Coordinate GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.1 Generators of the Coordinate Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.2 Induced Generators of the Product Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.3 Checking Product Measurability on GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5. Measurable RectanglesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.1 Definition of a Measurable RectangleARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.2 Rectangles as Intersections of CylindersARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.3 Rectangular GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.4 Finite ProductsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6. Product Borel Sigma-AlgebrasARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.1 The Basic InclusionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.2 Equality Under Second CountabilityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.3 Euclidean Product SpacesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.4 Rectangular Borel GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.5 Countable Rectangular GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7. Infinite ProductsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.1 Finite-Coordinate DependenceARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.2 Cylindrical GeneratorsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.3 Why Arbitrary Infinite Rectangles Are DifferentARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8. What I Finally UnderstoodARetain topic-specific reconstruction questions because they support review.
8.1 Why Product Structures Are Defined Through ProjectionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.2 Cylinders Versus RectanglesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.3 Why Second Countability AppearsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.4 Preparing for Product MeasuresARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Introduction / RoadmapCAn empty generic roadmap heading that duplicates the existing section order.
SummaryCEmpty and redundant with the topic-specific reconstruction section.

2026-07-28-folland-cantor-set-and-completion

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
IntroductionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
Why the Cantor Set Appears in Measure TheoryARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1. Construction of the Cantor SetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.1 The Iterative ConstructionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.2 The Nested Closed SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
1.3 Closedness and CompactnessARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2. Representations of Points in the Cantor SetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.1 Ternary ExpansionsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.2 Digits $0$ and $2$ARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
2.3 Binary Path EncodingARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3. Cardinality of the Cantor SetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.1 Infinite Binary SequencesARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.2 UncountabilityARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
3.3 Cardinality of the ContinuumARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4. Measure of the Cantor SetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.1 Length Removed at Each StageARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.2 The Total Removed LengthARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.3 Why the Cantor Set Has Measure ZeroARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
4.4 Uncountable Sets of Measure ZeroARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5. Subsets of Null SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.1 Cardinality of the Borel Sigma-AlgebraARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.2 Cardinality of the Power Set of the Cantor SetARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
5.3 Existence of Non-Borel SubsetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6. Completion of Borel Lebesgue MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.1 Why Borel Lebesgue Measure Is Not CompleteARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.2 Why Every Subset of the Cantor Set Is Lebesgue MeasurableARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
6.3 The Lebesgue Sigma-Algebra as a CompletionARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7. Comparing Classes of SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.1 Borel SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.2 Lebesgue Measurable SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.3 Nonmeasurable SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
7.4 The Main Inclusion RelationsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8. What I Finally UnderstoodARetain topic-specific reconstruction questions because they support review.
8.1 Cardinality Does Not Determine MeasureARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.2 Why Completion Adds New SetsARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
8.3 Why Borel and Lebesgue Measurability DifferARetain the existing topic and subheadings; leave the study content unwritten.
SummaryCEmpty and redundant with the topic-specific reconstruction section.

2025-07-18-ieee754-errors-and-algorithms

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
1 IntroBThe purpose of studying floating-point models and stable summation is needed. Condense the motivation to one sentence.
1 Intro / standard history and rhetoricCLists of manufacturers and transitions to the next section are unnecessary for reconstructing the later error analysis. Remove historical introductions and transitions without substantive content.
1.1 What is IEEE 754?ARepresentation, rounding, and exceptions define the arithmetic model for the later algorithms. Retain the common normal-number formula and component table; flag missing normal, subnormal, and special cases.
1.2 Float vs DoubleBBit layouts and biases are essential, but the expanded formulas for the two formats repeat the same structure. Add biases to the table, remove duplicate expanded formulas, and request clarification of the float/double scope.
2.1 Machine epsilon and relative, absolute errorAThese formulas provide a basis for comparing error magnitudes. Retain both error formulas and flag missing domain and epsilon conventions.
2.2 Error types and exceptionsAThe distinctions among rounding, approximation, overflow, and underflow are worth reviewing. Preserve existing claims and flag classification errors; retain empty items as TODOs.
2.2 unfinished transitionCUnfinished phrases such as In short or It is because contain no argument. Remove incomplete filler and empty Proof labels.
2.2 Absorption / loss of significanceAComparing a representative numerical failure with a stable rearrangement is a key example. Preserve the incorrect condition/displayed formula as an original claim, add revision guidance, and retain the code and output.
2.3 Examples / non-associativityAThis example shows how evaluation order changes the result. Preserve the short explanation and original Python code; remove the stray list marker.
3 Kahan Two SumAThis study record examines a compensation algorithm and its error guarantee. Preserve the original code and error claim; flag naming, syntax, return-value, and error-model issues.
3 NeumaierAThe correction branch makes this a distinct technique rather than a duplicate Kahan example. Preserve the code and flag magnitude-comparison and correction-sign errors.
3 SuperaccumulatorABit-level accumulation is a separate algorithmic idea. Preserve the code and flag issues with subnormal weights, exponent range, special values, and exactness.
3 closing generalities about software / hardwareCA conclusion with no specific next concept or argument. Remove it.

2026-01-10-epsilon-optimal-cost-scaling-mcmf

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
0 CautionCA promise of continued updates adds no mathematical content and duplicates status metadata. Remove it.
1 Problem DefinitionAThe objective and feasibility constraints determine the algorithm’s meaning. Explicitly retain the original incorrect objective and request corrections to the source, sink, lexicographic objective, capacities, and conservation conditions.
2.1 Epsilon-Optimality / 2.2 Cost-ScalingAThe scaling invariant and reduced costs are core structures. Preserve the existing expressions and flag notation conflicts and the missing residual-network definition.
3 Push-Relabel AlgorithmBThe max-flow connection is useful, but describing the method merely as a heuristic cannot reconstruct correctness. Condense the introduction to one sentence and request distinctions between the invariants.
3.1 Push all edgesASaturation at the start of a phase is a correctness dependency. Replace the empty Push statement with a TODO identifying the residual arcs and push amounts.
3.2 Discharge / RelabelAThis update connects preservation of epsilon-optimality with elimination of excess. Preserve the original potential update and flag its inconsistent reduced-cost convention.
3.3 Exact solution / epsilonAThe theorem connecting small epsilon to an exact optimum is essential. Do not supply the missing content; record proof tasks for integrality, thresholds, and feasible circulations.
4 Pseudo Code and Implementation TipsAThis is the original implementation to compare with the theory. Preserve the code and flag the epsilon loop, circulation reduction, cost reconstruction, and overflow.
5 Time Complexity and LimitationAThe costs and assumptions of the selected algorithm variant need review. Remove the unfinished sentence beginning Since and leave the required items as TODOs.
6 Bipartite MatchingAThis application illustrates modeling with min-cost max-flow. Preserve the network model and flag issues involving cardinality priority and the additional arc.
6 empty second applicationCNo example or study content is present. Remove the empty numbered item.
7 ReferenceAThe existing max-flow reference must be distinguished from the direct cost-scaling source. Preserve the bibliography and add the cost-scaling authors’ source.

2026-01-23-bertsimas-linear-optimization-ch1-1

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
Chapter 1.1 / MotivationAKeep this unfinished outline without supplying its missing content. Retain headings and remove only parenthetical summary prompts.
Linear Optimization ProblemAVariables, objective, and constraints are the main components of a formulation. Mark the existing items as TODOs.
Canonical FormAThis is an existing mathematical statement. Preserve the equations and request dimensions, scalar fields, and form conventions.
ExamplesAThe two models are distinct application headings. Keep Diet and Production planning as TODOs.
RemarksAConvexity and polyhedra connect to later duality and geometry. Preserve the TODOs without supplying new content.

2026-02-04-steepest-descent-spd-convergence

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
1 MotivationBThe path from SD to CG/PCG and the comparison with direct solvers provide necessary motivation. Remove personal rhetoric and repetition, condensing the text to two sentences.
2 Eigenvalue / Symmetric / Positive definite / SPDAThese are essential hypotheses and terms for the convergence proof. Preserve the definitions and flag the incorrect positive-definiteness quantifier.
2 Normal / Spectral TheoremAThe eigenbasis proof technique and distinctions between scalar fields are important. Preserve the spectral theorem and basis-change reasoning; flag field, similarity, and adjoint errors.
2 Q-transpose expanded row matrixBThe projection-coefficient observation is needed, but displaying every row of the matrix is repetitive. Retain the row interpretation in one Korean sentence and remove the repeated matrix display.
2 Rayleigh / Quadratic / strict convexity / Lipschitz / Condition numberAThese are prerequisites for line search and energy convergence. Preserve the definitions and flag vector dependence, the smoothness label, and norm assumptions.
2 Iterative update / Line searchBDirections and step sizes are needed, but much of the prose repeats the intuition. Preserve the update and argmin, condense the explanation, and leave a TODO distinguishing residuals from general directions.
2 why argmin / intuition repetitionCMerely restates the preceding argmin formula without adding reasoning. Remove it.
3 AlgorithmAThis study code includes a residual update, periodic recomputation, and a stopping test. Preserve it and request clarification of residual terminology and cost comparisons.
4 Existence and uniquenessAThis argument uses SPD structure for invertibility, strict convexity, and coercivity. Preserve every proof dependency and request completion of the short gaps concerning the linear term and attainment of the minimum.
4.a Constant step-size convergenceAThe error recurrence and spectral contraction are reusable proof techniques. Preserve the recurrence, eigenbasis bound, and stability-interval chain; flag the false equality and incorrect sufficient condition.
4.a repeated inequality / update expansionBRepeated inequalities and arithmetic subtracting x-star are excessive. Retain the core error recurrence and interval implication, removing only redundant lines.
4.b Energy norm / exact line searchAThis establishes what adaptive step sizes minimize. Preserve the existing norm and step formulas; flag the parameter, minimizer derivation, and zero-residual cases.
4.b Rayleigh range / error expansionBThe weighted-average observation and substitution r=-Ae are essential, but repeated expansions of matrix products can be condensed. Preserve the reason for the weighted average, spectral endpoints, cross term, and energy identity; remove routine intermediate distributive steps.
4.b Spectral moments / Kantorovich-type inequalityAAlthough long, this proof explains the main theorem’s technique and assumptions. Preserve the three moments, choices of a_i/b_i, coordinatewise inequality, AM–GM, and final factor; flag square, coefficient, implication, and zero-coordinate errors.
4 Speed of convergenceBThe global bound and tolerance connection are needed, but induction is written twice for the same expression. Preserve the q^k estimate and iteration-count formula, remove the repeated induction display, and flag endpoint and bound-interpretation issues.
4 Python / MATLAB validationAThis is a study record comparing theory and experiment. Preserve all code and existing output; flag the function-output mismatch and limits of experimental interpretation.
5 Conditioning and costBThe connection between conditioning and sparse-solver cost is essential but repeats the earlier bound discussion. Retain formulas and limitations, condense lengthy prose, and flag reduction and complexity issues.
5 Zig-zag / next directionAResidual orthogonality and eigenbasis updates are key distinctions leading to CG. Preserve both observations; flag the componentwise-decrease inference and the comparison with the CG bound.
6 ReferenceAThese links support the original reading and follow-up verification. Preserve every existing URL and add the relevant sections of Saad’s author-hosted book.

2026-02-09-conjugate-gradient

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
1 MotivationBThe limitations of SD and reuse of previous residual information are the central motivation. Condense rhetoric and repetition, and flag the confusion with quadratic convergence.
1 Cyclic subspace / residual projectionAThis is a key conceptual connection to Krylov spaces. Preserve the cyclic span and original orthogonality claim; flag map/matrix identification and the invalid implication.
2 PrerequisiteAKrylov spaces, invariant subspaces, projection, and Petrov–Galerkin are the required major concepts. Standardize empty definition labels as TODOs and flag missing SPD/A-inner-product prerequisites.
2 Wolfe condition & conditionCAn unexplained, unwritten placeholder outside the current proof dependencies for linear SPD CG. Remove it.
3 Algorithm & CodeAThis original implementation allows comparison of the recurrence with the theory. Preserve the MATLAB code and add tasks explaining finite precision and termination status.
4 CorrectnessAThis is the most important current proof gap. Preserve the Chebyshev/ratio draft as an original claim and record tasks for the correctness chain and precise bound statement.
5 Improvements but limitationsBThe geometric motivation leading to preconditioning is needed. Remove two empty fragments, retain a one-sentence ellipsoid motivation, and request equivalence/SPD details.
6 ReferenceAThese are existing study references. Preserve the bibliography and link Saad’s author-hosted PDF.

2026-07-31-measure-theory-seminar-03

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
Today’s RoadmapCRemove roadmap headings/lists that duplicate the contents; retain the substantive topic sections.
Proposition 2.1APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Proposition 2.3APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Proposition 2.13APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Monotone Convergence TheoremAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
QuestionsAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.

2026-08-07-fatou-dct

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
Today’s RoadmapCRemove roadmap headings/lists that duplicate the contents; retain the substantive topic sections.
Fatou’s LemmaAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
StatementAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
ProofAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
IntuitionBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.
RemarksBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.
Dominated Convergence TheoremAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
StatementAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
ProofAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Step 1: Apply Fatou to $g+f_n$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Step 2: Apply Fatou to $g-f_n$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Why Domination Is NecessaryAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
Comparison with MCT and Fatou’s LemmaBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.
Monotone Convergence TheoremBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.
Fatou’s LemmaBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.
Dominated Convergence TheoremBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.
ExamplesCRemove the routine example repeating direct integration of x/n and application of DCT; preserve the concentration counterexample.
SummaryBConsolidate repeated proof explanations and theorem restatements into proof ideas and an assumptions/conclusions table.

2026-08-14-Lp-space-and-inequalities-04

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Original section / elementGradeAssessment and edit
RoadmapCRemove roadmap headings/lists that duplicate the contents; retain the substantive topic sections.
1. From Lebesgue Integration to $L^p$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
1.1 What Did $L^1$ Measure?APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
1.2 Why Consider $|f|^p$?APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
1.3 How Does $p$ Change the Notion of Size?APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
1.4 From Integrability to Function SpacesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2. $L^p$ SpacesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.1 Definition for $1 \le p < \infty$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.2 The Case $p=\infty$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.3 Essential SupremumAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.4 Equality Almost EverywhereAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.5 Why We Need Equivalence ClassesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.6 The Space $L^p$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.7 Basic Properties of the $L^p$-NormAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
2.8 First Examples: $L^1$, $L^2$, and $L^\infty$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
3. Young’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
3.1 Conjugate ExponentsAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
3.2 Statement of Young’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
3.3 ProofAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
3.4 Equality CaseAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
3.5 Why Young’s Inequality MattersBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
4. Hölder’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
4.1 StatementAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
4.2 The Normalization IdeaAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
4.3 Proof Using Young’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
4.4 Endpoint Case: $p=1,\ q=\infty$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
4.5 Cauchy–Schwarz as the Case $p=q=2$BPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
4.6 Product IntegrabilityBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
4.7 Equality CaseAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
4.8 Why Hölder Is ImportantBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
5. Minkowski’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
5.1 StatementAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
5.2 The Easy Case $p=1$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
5.3 The Case $1<p<\infty$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
5.4 Applying Hölder’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
5.5 Why the Conjugate Exponent AppearsBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
5.6 Completion of the ProofAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
5.7 Minkowski as the Triangle InequalityBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
5.8 Conclusion: $L^p$ Is a Normed Vector SpaceBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
6. Relations Between $L^p$ SpacesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
6.1 Does Larger $p$ Mean a Smaller Space?APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
6.2 The Finite Measure CaseBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
6.3 The Inclusion $L^q(X)\subset L^p(X)$BPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
6.4 Proof Using Hölder’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
6.5 Norm EstimateBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
6.6 Why the Finite Measure Assumption MattersBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
6.7 What Happens on Infinite Measure Spaces?BPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
7. Examples and CounterexamplesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
7.1 Power Functions Near ZeroAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
7.2 Power Functions Near InfinityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
7.3 A Function in $L^p$ but Not in $L^q$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
7.4 A Function in $L^q$ but Not in $L^p$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
7.5 Why There Is No Universal Inclusion on $\mathbb{R}$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
7.6 Comparing $L^1$, $L^2$, and $L^\infty$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8. Completeness of $L^p$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.1 Normed Spaces and Cauchy SequencesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.2 Complete Normed SpacesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.3 Completeness Theorem for $L^p$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.4 Start with an $L^p$-Cauchy SequenceAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.5 Choosing a Rapidly Convergent SubsequenceAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.6 Constructing an Auxiliary SequenceAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.7 Control Using Minkowski’s InequalityAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.8 Passing to the LimitAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.9 Using the Previous Convergence TheoremsAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.10 Pointwise Almost Everywhere ConvergenceAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.11 Convergence in $L^p$APreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.12 Returning to the Original Cauchy SequenceAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
8.13 ConclusionBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
9. Why $L^2$ Is SpecialAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
9.1 Inner Product SpacesBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
9.2 The $L^2$ Inner ProductAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
9.3 The Norm Induced by the Inner ProductBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
9.4 Hilbert SpacesBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
9.5 Banach vs. HilbertBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
9.6 Why $L^2$ Will Matter LaterBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
10. Where $L^p$ Goes NextAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
10.1 Measuring FunctionsBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
10.2 What If We Also Want to Measure Derivatives?BPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
10.3 Weak DerivativesBPreserve content and dependencies while merging closely related headings or short explanations into adjacent sections.
10.4 Preview of Sobolev SpacesAPreserve the key definition, theorem, proof step, assumption, connection, or TODO for the author to complete.
10.5 Next SeminarBReplace the generic functional-analysis list with links to Week 05 duality and its prerequisites, matching the next point in the requested study sequence.
SummaryBRemove repeated inequalities and Banach/Hilbert conclusions, retaining only the central dependency chain.

Archive / Navigation coverage

LocationGradeAssessment
Archive seminar 01–02C / Original preservedFiles are empty or contain only front matter. Do not count them as completed study.
Archive weak derivativesA / Original preservedRecord the assumptions and notation issues in the single fragment in the review report.
Archive originals / MCMF backupsC / Original preservedDuplicate copies of the active note. Review the active note without modifying the historical snapshots.
4 project pagesAPreserve the distinction between current evidence and planned work, and add study-prerequisite links.
Home / Notes / Measure Theory / Start Here / tabs and indexesAPreserve navigation and research directions and link the new roadmap. There is no mathematical body text.
Templates / maintenance docsARetain as authoring/maintenance material. Do not include it in the count of actual study records.